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Intentional inside joke, subconscious message or paradigm, or hole-and-corner characteristic of a work

I am not an egg, I am a hedgehog, believe me!

A prototype that reveals an Easter egg when the hedgehog is clicked or tapped. Another Easter egg tin be institute in a tooltip when a mouse pointer is hovered over the hedgehog.[1]

An Easter egg is a bulletin, paradigm, or feature hidden in software, a video game, a film, or some other, usually electronic, medium. The term used in this fashion was coined around 1979 by Steve Wright, the then-Director of Software Development in the Atari Consumer Division, to describe a hidden message in the Atari video game Adventure, in reference to an Easter egg hunt. The earliest known video game Easter egg is in Moonlander (1973), in which the role player tries to land a spaceship on the moon; if the player flies horizontally enough, they run into a McDonald's restaurant and if they land next to information technology an astronaut will visit it instead of standing next to the ship. The primeval known Easter egg in software in general is one placed in the "make" command for PDP-6/PDP-x computers sometime in October 1967–October 1968, wherein if the user attempts to create a file named "love" by typing "make love", the program responds "not war?" earlier proceeding.[2] [3]

Origin [edit]

The use of the term "Easter egg" to describe hush-hush features in video games originates from the 1980 video game Gamble for the Atari 2600 game panel, programmed by employee Warren Robinett. At the time, Atari did not include programmers' names in the game credits, both to prevent competitors from poaching its developers, as well as to deny developers a means to bargain with the management of the new owners, Warner Communications.[4] [5] Robinett, who disagreed with his supervisor over this lack of acknowledgment, secretly programmed the message "Created by Warren Robinett" to appear only if a role player moves their avatar over a specific pixel (dubbed the "Gray Dot") during a certain role of the game and enters a previously "forbidden" part of the map where the message tin exist found. When Robinett left Atari, he did non inform the company of the acknowledgment that he included in the game. Shortly later his departure, the "Gray Dot" and his message were discovered past a player. Atari's management initially wanted to remove the message and release the game again, until this was accounted as well plush. Instead, Steve Wright, the Director of Software Development in the Atari Consumer Sectionalisation, suggested that they keep the message and, in fact, encourage the inclusion of such messages in future games, describing them as Easter eggs for consumers to find.[six] [seven] [8] [9] [10] [eleven]

In video games [edit]

While Robinett'south message in Adventure led to the first use of the phrase Easter egg, Easter eggs are included in previous video games. The earliest known video game Easter egg is in Moonlander (1973), in which the player tries to state a spaceship on the moon; if the player flies horizontally enough, they come across a McDonald'due south restaurant and if they land next to information technology an astronaut will visit information technology instead of continuing adjacent to the transport.[12] Other early known Easter eggs include one in the commencement text risk game, Colossal Cavern Hazard (1976), from which Risk was fashioned, which includes several secret words. I of these is "xyzzy", a command which enables the player to move between ii points in the game world.[13] According to research by Ed Chips, one of the earliest Easter eggs in a graphical video games could exist found in Starship i (1977), programmed by Ron Milner. By triggering the cabinet's controls in the right society, the histrion can have the bulletin "Hi Ron!" appear on the screen. Fries describes it every bit "the earliest arcade game yet known that clearly meets the definition of an Easter egg". The existence of this Easter egg wasn't published until 2017, leading Fries to propose that, as more ane hundred arcade games predate Starship 1, earlier Easter eggs may even so be undiscovered.[14] [15] Fries says that some Atari arcade cabinets were resold nether the Kee Games characterization and include changes to the hardware that brand the game announced dissimilar from the Atari version. Anti-Aircraft Two (1975) includes a means to modify the circuit board to make the airplanes in the game appear as alien UFOs. Fries surmises that this characteristic may have been intended for a Kee Games release. For this reason, and considering information technology requires a hardware modification, Fries questions whether it meets the definition of an Easter egg.[15] In 2004, an Easter egg displaying programmer Bradley Reid-Selth'southward surname was institute in Video Whizball (1978), a game for the Fairchild Aqueduct F system.[half dozen]

Since Adventure, in that location has been a long history of video game developers placing Easter eggs in their games.[16] : 19 Near Easter eggs are intentional - an endeavor to communicate with the histrion, or a way of getting fifty-fifty with management for a perceived slight. Easter eggs in video games have a diversity of forms, from purely ornamental screens to artful enhancements that change some element of the game during play. The Easter egg included in the original Age of Empires (1997) is an example of the latter; catapult projectiles are changed from stones to cows.[16] : nineteen

More elaborate Easter eggs include underground levels and developers' rooms - fully functional, hidden areas of the game. Developers' rooms frequently include inside jokes from the fandom or development team and differ from a debug room in that they are specifically intended for the thespian to find. Some games fifty-fifty include hidden minigames as Easter eggs. In the LucasArts game Mean solar day of the Tentacle (1993), the original Maniac Mansion (1987) game can be played in its full version past using a home computer in a character'south room.[17] [xviii] Similarly, a programmer included the whole of TimeSplitters 2 (2002) within Homefront: The Revolution (2016), accessed by using a special lawmaking at an in-game arcade cabinet.[19]

Other Easter eggs originated unintentionally. The Konami Code, a type of crook code, became an intentional Easter egg in nigh games, but originates from Konami's Gradius (1985) for the Nintendo Entertainment Arrangement. The programmer, Kazuhisa Hashimoto, created the code as a means to rapidly debug the game by giving the thespian'due south avatar additional health and powers to hands traverse the game. These types of codes are commonly removed from the game before it is shipped merely, in the case of Gradius, Hashimoto forgot to remove it and the lawmaking was shortly discovered by players. Its popularity inspired Konami to reuse the code and purposely retain it for many of its futurity games equally an Easter egg.[half dozen] [17] [20]

Technical issues may also create unintentional Easter eggs. Jon Burton, founder of Traveller's Tales, said that many seemingly apparent Easter eggs in their Sega Genesis games came virtually as a consequence of introducing programming tricks to become around some of the difficulty they had in getting Sega'due south strict certification for their games, catching any exceptions during execution to bring the game back to a usable state as to pass certification. For example, hitting the side of the Sonic 3D Blast (1996) cartridge while it is slotted in the panel volition bring the game back to the Level Select screen, which Burton explains is the default exception treatment for any unidentified processor mistake, such as when connectivity between the cartridge and the panel's microprocessor is temporarily lost.[21]

In computing [edit]

Software [edit]

In calculator software, Easter eggs are secret responses that occur equally a result of an undocumented set of commands. The results can vary from a simple printed message or prototype to a folio of developer credits or a pocket-sized video game hidden inside an otherwise serious slice of software.

In the TOPS-10 operating system (for the December PDP-10 mainframe computer), the brand command is used to invoke the TECO editor to create a file. If given the file name argument love, so that the command reads make dearest, information technology will suspension and reply non war? before creating the file.[2] The Easter egg was added sometime between October 1967 and October 1968 by William F. Weiher at the Stanford AI Lab to the COMPIL plan for the PDP-six, which was then used in the TOPS-10 operating arrangement, making it the get-go Easter egg in a software plan.[3] This same behavior occurs on the RSTS/E operating system, where TECO will provide this response.[ commendation needed ] Other Unix operating systems answer to "why" with "why not" (a reference to The Prisoner in Berkeley Unix, 1977).[ citation needed ]

Some versions of the December OpenVMS operating system have curtained exit status codes, including a reference to the Monty Python Dirty Hungarian Phrasebook skit; "exit %xb70" returns the bulletin "%SYSTEM-W-FISH, my hovercraft is full of eels" while "get out %x34b4" returns a reference to an early Net meme: "%SYSTEM-F-GAMEOVER, All your base are belong to u.s.".[22]

Many personal computers have much more than elaborate eggs hidden in ROM, including lists of the developers' names, political exhortations, snatches of music, or images of the entire development team. Easter eggs in the 1997 version of Microsoft Office include a hidden flight simulator in Microsoft Excel and a pinball game in Microsoft Give-and-take.[23] [24] Since 2002, Microsoft does non allow any hidden or undocumented lawmaking as part of its trustworthy computing initiative.[25]

The Debian operating system's package tool apt-get has an Easter egg involving an ASCII cow when variants on apt-get moo are typed into the beat out.[26] [27] [28]

Animation showing Easter eggs in Google'due south Android operating system

An Easter egg is constitute on all Microsoft Windows operating systems before XP. In the 3D Text screen saver, inbound the text "volcano" will display the names of all the volcanoes in the United States. Microsoft removed this Easter egg in XP but added others.[29] In Windows Vista and after, past launching a screensaver executable (introduced with Windows Vista) on the command line with the /p65552 flag, for example launching the "bubbles" screen saver with bubbles.scr /p65552 command-line parameter, it runs as desktop wallpaper.[xxx] Microsoft Excel 95 contains a hidden action game similar to Doom (1993) called The Hall of Tortured Souls.[31]

The Google search engine famously contains many Easter eggs, given to the user in response to certain search queries.[32]

Steve Jobs banned Easter eggs from Apple products upon his return to the company.[33]

The start Easter egg to appear after his death is in a 2012 update to the Mac App Store for OS Ten Mount Lion, in which downloaded apps are temporarily timestamped every bit "January 24, 1984", the engagement of the sales launch of the original Macintosh.[33]

The Python programming linguistic communication and its ecosystem of libraries include various Easter eggs.[34]

Hardware [edit]

While reckoner-related Easter eggs are often found in software, occasionally they exist in hardware or firmware of certain devices. On some domicile computers the BIOS ROM contains Easter eggs. Notable examples include some errant 1993 AMI BIOS that on Nov 13, 1993, proceeded to play "Happy Birthday" via the PC speaker repeatedly instead of booting,[35] too as several early on Apple tree Macintosh models that accept photos of the development squad in the ROM. These Mac Easter eggs were well-publicized in the Macintosh press at the time[36] along with the ways to access them, and were after recovered past an NYC Resistor squad, a hacker collective, through elaborate contrary applied science.[37] [38] Similarly, the Radio Shack Colour Computer iii's ROM contains code which displays what looks like three Microware developers on a Ctrl+Alt+Reset keypress sequence—a hard reset which discards any information currently in RAM.[39]

Several oscilloscopes contain Easter eggs. I example is the HP 54600B, known to take a Tetris (1984) clone,[forty] and the HP 54622D contains an imitation of the Asteroids (1979) game named Rocks.[41] Some other is the Tektronix 1755A Vector and Waveform Monitor which displays swimming fish when Remote > Software version is selected on the CONFIG menu.[42]

In the second and third hardware revision of the Minolta Dynax/Maxxum/Blastoff ix SLR camera, including all SSM/ADI upgraded cameras, an undocumented button sequence can exist utilized to reconfigure the camera to conduct like the Dynax/Maxxum/Alpha 9Ti and subsequently invoke support for the limited model'southward actress functions too in the black model.[ citation needed ]

One of Hewlett-Packard'due south electronic pocket calculators, the HP-45 (introduced in 1973), has a congenital-in undocumented stopwatch.[43]

The Commodore Amiga 1000 computer includes the signatures of the pattern and development team embossed on the inside of the case, including Jay Miner and the paw print of his dog, Mitchy.[44] The Commodore Amiga models 500, 600, and 1200 each feature Easter eggs in the grade of song titles by The B-52's every bit white printing on the motherboards. The 500 says "B52/Rock Lobster", the 600 says "June Bug", and the 1200 says "Channel Z".[45] The Amiga Bone software contains hidden messages.[46] [47]

Many integrated circuit (scrap) designers take included subconscious graphics elements termed chip art, including images, phrases, developer initials, logos, and more. This artwork, similar the rest of the flake, is reproduced in each copy by lithography and etching. These are visible just when the flake package is opened and examined under magnification.[48] The 1984 CVAX microchip implementation of the MicroVAX CPU contains in its etchings the Russian phrase in the Cyrillic alphabet "VAX: When you intendance enough to steal the very all-time",[49] placed there because, "knowing that some CVAXs would end up in the USSR, the team wanted the Russians to know that we were thinking of them".[48]

Comics [edit]

American comic volume artists are known to include hidden letters in their art:[50]

  • In a reprint of classic Captain America comics, a production artist drew a penis on Bucky Barnes.[51]
  • In 2000, Al Milgrom inserted a bulletin into Universe X: Spidey #1 insulting his previous dominate, Curiosity Editor in Main Bob Harras, following Harras' termination from Marvel Comics. On Page 28, console 3, the spines of books on a bookshelf in the background read, "HARRAS HA HA, HE'S GONE, Skillful RIDDANCE TO BAD RUBBISH HE WAS A NASTY S.O.B." The message was spotted after the book was printed but earlier it went on auction; the copies that were printed for consumers were destroyed. However, four,000 preview copies were distributed to retailers as part of a "Commencement Look" bargain, and these are today considered rare collectors' items. Milgrom was "apparently fired and allegedly (and quietly) re-hired several weeks afterwards".[51] [52] [53]
  • Ethan Van Sciver hid the give-and-take "sexual activity" in the groundwork of nigh every page of New X-Men #118 (November 2001).[51] [54] Van Sciver subsequently stated that he hid the word throughout the book considering he was annoyed with Marvel at the time for reasons he cannot recollect, and idea it would be fun to appoint in some mischief with his work.[ citation needed ]
  • Indonesian creative person Ardian Syaf is known to engage in the practice of hiding Easter egg references to political figures in the backgrounds of his artwork. In Batgirl (vol. 4) #9 (July 2012), Syaf included a storefront sign that referenced the President of Republic of indonesia, Joko Widodo, although the text that accompanies the image of Widodo is covered past a explanation.[51] [55] In April 2017, he caused an outcry past placing Easter egg references to the November 2016 Jakarta protests into the pages of X-Men Gold #1, which were perceived by readers to be anti-Semitic and anti-Christian. Though Syaf acknowledged the political nature of the letters,[51] [56] he stated that they were not intended to express any anti-Semitic nor anti-Christian sentiment on his part.[57] In response to these Easter eggs, Marvel terminated their contract with Syaf.[58]

Video [edit]

Dwelling media [edit]

Easter eggs are found on films, DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs, often equally deleted scenes or bonus features.[59] [sixty] [61] Klinger states that their presence is "some other signifier of artistry in the earth of DVD supplements."[60] According to American motion-picture show critics James Berardinelli and Roger Ebert, most DVDs do not incorporate them and nearly examples are "inconsequential", only a few, such as the ane found on the Memento DVD release, are "worth the effort to seek out".[61]

Broadcast media [edit]

Unlike DVDs and reckoner games, broadcast radio and television programs contain no executable code. Easter eggs may still appear in the content itself, such as a hidden Mickey in a Disney film or a real phone number instead of a 555 fictitious telephone number.[ original research? ] A 2014 Super Bowl advertisement was leaked online in which a lady gives a human a existent telephone number, which the advertiser had hidden equally a marketing ploy; the first caller to the number received a pair of tickets to the game.[62] The 1980s animated series She-Ra: Princess of Ability featured a graphic symbol called Loo-Kee who typically appeared once per episode, subconscious in a unmarried screenshot. At the finish of the episode, the screenshot would be shown again and Loo-Kee would challenge viewers to locate him before revealing his hiding identify.[63] [64]

More recent broadcast media, where viewers have access to high-resolution digital copies or streaming services, may include farther Easter eggs that can only be found past freezing the show at sure points. In the anthology series Black Mirror, the producers have included Easter eggs that reference by episodes, or tie into hereafter episodes, as a means of loosely tying together all episodes into a single Black Mirror universe.[65]

Security concerns [edit]

Security writer Michel E. Kabay discussed security concerns of Easter eggs in 2000, saying that, while software quality assurance requires that all lawmaking be tested, it is not known whether Easter eggs are. He said that, as they tend to be held as programming secrets from the residuum of the product testing procedure, a "logic flop" could too bypass testing. Kabay asserts that this undermined the Trusted Calculating Base, a image of trustworthy hardware and software in place since the 1980s, and is of concern wherever personal or confidential information is stored, every bit this may then exist vulnerable to damage or manipulation.[66] Microsoft created some of the largest and most elaborate Easter eggs, such as those in Microsoft Office.[67] In 2005, Larry Osterman of Microsoft acknowledged Microsoft Easter eggs, and his interest in evolution of one, but described them as "irresponsible", and wrote that the company's Operating System division "has a 'no Easter Eggs' policy" as part of its Trustworthy Computing initiative.[25]

In 2006, Douglas W. Jones said that while "some Easter eggs may be intentional tools used to detect illegal copying, others are clearly examples of unauthorized functionality that has slipped through the quality-control tests at the vendor". While hidden Easter eggs themselves are harmless, it may exist possible for malware to be subconscious in similar ways in voting machines or other computers.[68]

Netscape Navigator contributor Jamie Zawinski stated in an interview in 1998 that harmless Easter eggs impose a negligible brunt on shipped software, and serve the important purpose of helping productivity by keeping programmers happy.[69]

Contemporary works about Easter eggs [edit]

Easter eggs take become more widely known to the full general public and are referenced in contemporary artworks.

  • In the Doctor Who episode "Blink", the existence of video Easter eggs across seventeen DVDs leads to solving the protagonists' dilemma.[70]
  • In Ernest Cline'south novel Ready Player One and its moving-picture show adaptation, the protagonists are competing with others to find various Easter eggs inside a large virtual reality environs. The final challenge includes identifying and reaching the Easter egg from the Atari Chance game.[71]

Run across also [edit]

  • Acrostic – Text formed from parts of another text
  • Hidden runway – Music not detectable by casual listeners
  • List of Easter eggs in Microsoft products
  • List of filmmaker'southward signatures
  • List of Google Easter eggs
  • Magic cord – Input which activates otherwise hidden functionality
  • Rickrolling – Internet meme
  • The Book of Mozilla
  • Undocumented feature – Unintended or undocumented operation or characteristic
  • Al Hirschfeld § Nina

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • "Fleck Fun: Microchip-based Easter eggs" – National Museum of American History.
  • The Easter Egg Archive

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_egg_(media)

Posted by: cruzconarthery.blogspot.com

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